White Box Testing

Overview:

Nowadays, Every person or our customers want their product to be delivered faster than others. But everyone wants to Bug-free Software products. Testing plays an important role in improving the quality and performance of the system. So, Black Box Testing and White Box Testing is a very important part of improving the quality of software applications.

White Box Testing involves testing of source code that is usually done at the unit level.

In this testing, we are performed test cases only internal structure, code or working of software applications. It is usually performed by the team members who know the code, usually by the developer. Since the developers have an in-depth understanding of the project code. They are capable of making changes in the source code easily and small-time duration. In White box testing, a tester needs to have a good understanding of the code so that tester can exercise different code paths using tests.

In this blog, we will highlight some major techniques of White Box Testing:

Statement Coverage:

In this technique tester or developer makes sure that each and every line of code is structured and followed by own code language standard or not. Testers basically focused on bugs like “Typographical errors” in Statement Coverage.

For Example:

If we talk about the Opencart code sample then this must be followed some standard which is defined by Opencart , Please click here to check the opencart coding standard. Extra spaces, Indentation and New Lines in codes all mentioned in the above link.

when we have checked the standards for Opencart to be checked with PHP CodeSniffer, showing these type of errors:

FOUND 10 ERRORS AFFECTING 14 LINES
   9 | ERROR | [ ] PHP concat operator must be surrounded by spaces
   9 | ERROR | [ ] PHP concat operator must be surrounded by spaces
   9 | ERROR | [ ] PHP concat operator must be surrounded by spaces
   9 | ERROR | [x] A cast statement must be precede by a single space
   9 | ERROR | [ ] There is some issue with the sql format
   9 | ERROR | [ ] PHP concat operator must be surrounded by spaces
  19 | ERROR | [ ] PHP concat operator must be surrounded by spaces
  19 | ERROR | [ ] PHP concat operator must be surrounded by spaces
  19 | ERROR | [ ] PHP concat operator must be surrounded by spaces
  19 | ERROR | [ ] PHP concat operator must be surrounded by spaces

Branch Coverage:

In this technique tester or developer cover all the possible test cases related to branches like True/False and conditional loops(If-else, Nested If, and others loops). Testers basically focused on bugs like “Logical errors” in Branch Coverage.

For Example:

Please, check the given below code of the conditional branch:

<?php $a = 10; // this is unconditional branch
If ($a > 5) {

   $a= $a*3 // this is conditional branch

} else {

  $a= $a*2 // this is conditional branch
}

echo $a; // this is unconditional branch
?>

Path Coverage:

In this technique tester or developer cover all the Possible paths or Routes. Testers basically focused on bugs like “design errors” in Path Coverage.

For Example:

We use the same sample code as above written, In order to perform path coverage testing effectively we have to “cover all paths”, and which will be done by running least the two test cases, with a greater than 5 and a less than or equal to 5. So that both if and else condition can be executed.

That’s all about White Box Testing.