{"id":346603,"date":"2022-08-02T14:04:53","date_gmt":"2022-08-02T14:04:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/webkul.com\/blog\/?p=346603"},"modified":"2023-04-27T05:51:44","modified_gmt":"2023-04-27T05:51:44","slug":"php-unit-test-in-magento-open-source","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/webkul.com\/blog\/php-unit-test-in-magento-open-source\/","title":{"rendered":"PHP Unit Test in Magento Open Source"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>As a Magento Open Source Developer<\/strong>, you should have to write Unit Tests for the modules to validate the code is errorless and bug-free. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What is Unit Testing in Magento Open Source?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Unit Testing<\/strong>&nbsp;is a crucial operation, a set of the smallest testable parts of an application, which are called units, in the development of software. The unit testing will ensure that the codes you wrote are running correctly as well as raise the software quality you created before. In addition, remember that the unit testing process is separate and completely automatic without any manual handling.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Why Unit Test?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The main objective of Magento Open Source unit testing is&nbsp;<strong>to isolate written code to test and determine if it works as intended<\/strong>. Unit testing is an important step in the development process because if done correctly, it can help detect early flaws in code which may be more difficult to find in later testing stages. The unit test plays a role in improving the manageability like:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Tests Reduce Bugs in New Features<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tests Reduce Bugs in Existing Features<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tests Are Good Documentation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tests Reduce the Cost of Change<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tests Allow Refactoring<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tests Constrain Features<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tests Defend Against Other Programmers<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Testing Makes Development Faster<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>For creating Unit Tests don&#8217;t forget you&#8217;ll find the Unit Test in <strong><em>app\/code\/[Vendor]\/[ModuleName]\/Unit\/Test<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How to run Magento Open Source Unit Test?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In the below example of helper the unitTest function is defined which returns some value. We are going to test it through Unit Test.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\">&lt;?php\nnamespace Webkul\\UnitTest\\Helper;\n\nuse Magento\\Store\\Model\\StoreManagerInterface;\n\nclass Data extends \\Magento\\Framework\\App\\Helper\\AbstractHelper\n{\n    \/**\n     * @var StoreManagerInterface\n     *\/\n    protected $storeManager;\n\n    \/**\n     * @var \\Magento\\Framework\\App\\Helper\\Context\n     *\/\n    protected $context;\n\n    \/**\n     * __construct function\n     *\n     * @param StoreManagerInterface $storeManager\n     * @param \\Magento\\Framework\\App\\Helper\\Context $context\n     *\/\n    public function __construct(\n        StoreManagerInterface $storeManager,\n        \\Magento\\Framework\\App\\Helper\\Context $context\n    ) {\n        parent::__construct($context);\n        $this-&gt;storeManager = $storeManager;\n    }\n    \n    \/**\n     * Unit Test method\n     *\n     * @return string\n     *\/\n    public function unitTest()\n    {\n        return __(&quot;This is Unit Test&quot;);\n    }\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Create a Unit Test file: <strong>app\/code\/Webkul\/UnitTest\/Test\/<strong>Unit<\/strong>\/Helper\/DataTest.php<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\">&lt;?php\nnamespace Webkul\\UnitTest\\Test\\Unit\\Helper;\n\nuse Webkul\\UnitTest\\Helper\\Data;\nuse Magento\\Store\\Model\\StoreManagerInterface;\nuse Magento\\Framework\\TestFramework\\Unit\\Helper\\ObjectManager;\n\nclass DataTest extends \\PHPUnit\\Framework\\TestCase\n{\n    \/**\n     * @var StoreManagerInterface\n     *\/\n    protected $storeManager;\n\n    \/**\n     * @var \\Magento\\Framework\\App\\Helper\\Context\n     *\/\n    protected $context;\n\n    protected $expectedMessage;\n\n    \/**\n     * Set up\n     *\n     * @return void\n     *\/\n    protected function setUp(): void\n    {\n        $objectManager = new ObjectManager($this);\n\n        $this-&gt;context = $this-&gt;createMock(\n            \\Magento\\Framework\\App\\Helper\\Context::class\n        );\n\n        $this-&gt;storeManager = $this-&gt;getMockForAbstractClass(\n            StoreManagerInterface::class\n        );\n\n        \/* Mock Class Object With Constructor Args*\/\n        $this-&gt;helper = $objectManager-&gt;getObject(\n            Data::class,\n            &#091;\n               &quot;context&quot; =&gt; $this-&gt;context,\n               &quot;storeManager&quot; =&gt; $this-&gt;storeManager\n            ]\n        );\n    }\n\n    \/**\n     * Test unitTest function\n     *\/\n    public function testUnitTest()\n    {\n        $this-&gt;expectedMessage = __(&quot;This is Unit Test&quot;)\n        $this-&gt;assertEquals($this-&gt;expectedMessage, $this-&gt;helper-&gt;unitTest());\n        \/\/ Optionally\n        $this-&gt;assertTrue(true);\n    }\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Running Unit Tests in the CLI<a href=\"https:\/\/devdocs.magento.com\/guides\/v2.4\/test\/unit\/unit_test_execution_cli.html#running-all-unit-tests\"><\/a><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>For running all Unit Tests<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\">vendor\/bin\/phpunit -c dev\/tests\/unit\/phpunit.xml.dist<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Running only a subset of the unit tests<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To run only tests within a specific directory branch, all you have to do is to specify the directory branch after the command.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\">vendor\/bin\/phpunit -c dev\/tests\/unit\/phpunit.xml.dist          app\/code\/Webkul\/UnitTest\/Test\/Unit\/<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>You&#8217;ll run the above command from Magento Open Source root then it will display the test result.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\">PHPUnit 9.5.20\n\n...........                                                                                                                        1 \/ 1 (100%)\n\nTime: 00:00.171, Memory: 34.00 MB\n\nOK (1 tests, 1 assertions)<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>This is the basic introduction to Unit Testing in Magento Open Source and Adobe Commerce. In the next blogs we will discuss the below points:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/webkul.com\/blog\/object-mocking-in-unit-test-magento-2-open-source-and-adobe-commerce\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Object Mocking Techniques.<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>How to use methods of the mocked objects.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/webkul.com\/blog\/assert-in-unit-test-magento-2-open-source-and-adobe-commerce\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Assertions<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>How to use data providers in Unit Testing.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>How to prevent object manager in Unit Testing.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Thank\u2019s for reading this. If you have any queries please comment below.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>As a Magento Open Source Developer, you should have to write Unit Tests for the modules to validate the code is errorless and bug-free. What is Unit Testing in Magento Open Source? Unit Testing&nbsp;is a crucial operation, a set of the smallest testable parts of an application, which are called units, in the development of <a href=\"https:\/\/webkul.com\/blog\/php-unit-test-in-magento-open-source\/\">[&#8230;]<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":365,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9121],"tags":[12967,12966,6134],"class_list":["post-346603","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-magento-2","tag-adobe-commerce","tag-magento2-open-source","tag-unit-testing"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Unit Testing - Magento 2 Open Source and Adobe Commerce<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A unit Test\u00a0is a set of the smallest testable parts of an application, which are called units, in the development of software.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/webkul.com\/blog\/php-unit-test-in-magento-open-source\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Unit Testing - Magento 2 Open Source and Adobe Commerce\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A unit Test\u00a0is a set of the smallest testable parts of an application, which are called units, in the development of software.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/webkul.com\/blog\/php-unit-test-in-magento-open-source\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Webkul Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/webkul\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-08-02T14:04:53+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-04-27T05:51:44+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/cdnblog.webkul.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/webkul-og.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"630\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Saurav Kumar\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@webkul\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@webkul\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Saurav Kumar\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/webkul.com\/blog\/php-unit-test-in-magento-open-source\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/webkul.com\/blog\/php-unit-test-in-magento-open-source\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Saurav Kumar\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/webkul.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/e63462ecf811e98b26fee808c67a6426\"},\"headline\":\"PHP Unit Test in Magento Open Source\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-08-02T14:04:53+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-04-27T05:51:44+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/webkul.com\/blog\/php-unit-test-in-magento-open-source\/\"},\"wordCount\":402,\"commentCount\":2,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/webkul.com\/blog\/#organization\"},\"keywords\":[\"Adobe Commerce\",\"Magento2 Open Source\",\"unit testing\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Magento 2\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/webkul.com\/blog\/php-unit-test-in-magento-open-source\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/webkul.com\/blog\/php-unit-test-in-magento-open-source\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/webkul.com\/blog\/php-unit-test-in-magento-open-source\/\",\"name\":\"Unit Testing - 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