Unit Test Implementation in Magento 2
As in the previous blog, we have learned a few commands to perform unit testing. Today we will create a small custom module in Magento 2 and will write test cases for it.
Let’s start, now I am assuming that you are aware of the Magento Directory structure and know how to create a custom module in Magento 2.
In this blog, we are going to create a model for calculator where we can perform basic addition operation.
Step 1: Create your custom module and register it, in my case, I have created a module Webkul_HelloUnitTest.
Step 2: Create a model Calculator here :
app/code/<vendorname>/<modulename>/Model/Calculator.php
<?php
namespace Webkul\HelloUnitTest\Model;
class Calculator {
/**
* This function will perform the addition of two numbers
*
* @param float $a
* @param float $b
* @return float
*/
public function addition($a ,$b) {
return $a + $b;
}
}
Above We have a class calculator and inside it, there is a function addition that will receive 2 values and return the addition as a result.
Now let’s create a unit test model for the above.
Step 3: Create a test model here :
app/code/<vendorname>/<modulename>/Test/Unit/Model/Calculator.php
<?php
namespace Webkul\HelloUnitTest\Test\Unit\Model;
class Calculator extends \PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase {
protected $_objectManager;
protected $_desiredResult;
protected $_actulResult;
protected $_calculator;
/**
* Unset the variables and objects after use
*
* @return void
*/
public function tearDown(): void {
}
/**
* Used to set the values to variables or objects.
*
* @return void
*/
public function setUp(): void {
$this->_objectManager = new \Magento\Framework\TestFramework\Unit\Helper\ObjectManager($this);
$this->_calculator = $this->_objectManager->getObject("Webkul\HelloUnitTest\Model\Calculator");
//can do stuff
}
/**
* This function will perform the addition of two numbers
*
* @param float $a
* @param float $b
* @return float
*/
public function testAddition() {
$this->_actulResult = $this->_calculator->addition(7.0,3.0);
$this->_desiredResult = 10.0;
$this->assertEquals($this->_desiredResult, $this->_actulResult);
}
}
Step 4: Run any of the commands of my previous blog.
Here I have a command to run the test for the particular file.
php vendor/bin/phpunit -c dev/tests/unit/phpunit.xml.dist app/code/Webkul/HelloUnitTest/Test/Unit/Model/Calculator.php
This will return the below output.
On Success :
On Failure: When I changed the logic to subtract.
A few types of Assertions are as below :
assertTrue($x) Fail if $x is false assertFalse($x) Fail if $x is true assertNull($x) Fail if $x is set assertNotNull($x) Fail if $x not set assertIsA($x, $t) Fail if $x is not the class or type $t assertNotA($x, $t) Fail if $x is of the class or type $t assertEqual($x, $y) Fail if $x == $y is false assertNotEqual($x, $y) Fail if $x == $y is true assertWithinMargin($x, $y, $m) Fail if abs($x - $y) < $m is false assertOutsideMargin($x, $y, $m) Fail if abs($x - $y) < $m is true assertIdentical($x, $y) Fail if $x == $y is false or a type mismatch assertNotIdentical($x, $y) Fail if $x == $y is true and types match assertReference($x, $y) Fail unless $x and $y are the same variable assertClone($x, $y) Fail unless $x and $y are identical copies assertPattern($p, $x) Fail unless the regex $p matches $x assertNoPattern($p, $x) Fail if the regex $p matches $x expectError($x) Fail if matching error does not occour expectException($x) Fail if matching exception is not thrown ignoreException($x) Swallows any upcoming matching exception assert($e) Fail on failed expectation object
Note: If you want to go deep in the topic you can check PHPUnit.
If you require technical support, feel free to email us at support@webkul.com.
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